安裝Oracle for Redhat AS3 (2007年)－享受生活美好~~mission~~

如何於unix安裝oracle?
1. 先在 .profile加入oraclehome SID 等參數
2. 利用x-windows安裝(所以要先有x-windows)
3. 執行runInstaller
4. global name = name.domain , SID
5. 選character set = ZHT16BIG5

登入時:
scott/tiger

========================
--安裝Redhat AS 3
--安裝Oracle for Redhat AS3

---Linux網路檢核---
參考資料: http://linux.vbird.org/linux_server/0140networkcommand.php

範例一：觀察所有的網路介面(直接輸入 ifconfig)
[oracle@testsev oracle]$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 01:10:DC:D2:95:A8
inet addr:172.21.22.16 Bcast:172.21.22.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:42599 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:30060 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:10733012 (10.3 Mb) TX bytes:3385309 (3.2 Mb)
Interrupt:5 Base address:0x1000 Memory:fc550000-fc550038

lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:39272 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:39272 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:4120907 (3.9 Mb) TX bytes:4120907 (3.9 Mb)

範例二：單純的觀察路由狀態
[oracle@testsev oracle]$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
172.21.22.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo
0.0.0.0 172.21.22.30 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

================================
Oracle for Redhat AS3 安裝

一、準備工作:
1.建立oracle用戶
[root@testsev /]# groupadd oinstall
[root@testsev /]# groupadd dba
[root@testsev /]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@testsev /]# passwd oracle

2.下載oracle元件: http://61.132.102.124/oracle/9i/
並放在 C:\

上傳oracle9204安裝文件
用 Linux 圖形介面打開防火牆(ftp設定)
以下須以oracle用戶進行操作
(local OS - windows) cmd
(local OS - windows) ftp 172.21.22.16 (以oracle/oracle登錄)
230 Login successful.
ftp> cd /home/oracle (Server端目錄)
ftp> lcd c:\ (local目錄)
Local directory now C:\.
ftp> mput ship_9204_linux_disk*.cpio.gz
mget ship_9204_linux_disk1.cpio.gz? y
200 PORT command successful. Consider using PASV.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for ship_9204_linux_disk1.cpio.gz (617927000 bytes).
226 File send OK.
ftp: 617927000 bytes received in 10000.00Seconds 617927000.00Kbytes/sec.
ftp> bye

3. 設定參數 (/home/oracle下的 .bash_profile)
[oracle@testsev oracle]# vi .bash_profile
:wq (儲存後離開)

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=testsev
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/920
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_BASE/OPatch:/sbin

export LANG=en_US
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib

export THREADS_FLAG=native

umask 022
4. 連接oracle安裝文件
[oracle@testsev oracle]# cp *.cpio.gz /opt/oracle/ora9204
[oracle@testsev oracle]# cd /opt/oracle/ora9204
[oracle@testsev oracle]# tar -xvf *.cpio.gz
[oracle@testsev ora9204]# cpio -idm < ship_9204_linux_disk1.cpio
[oracle@testsev ora9204]# cpio -idm < ship_9204_linux_disk2.cpio
[oracle@testsev ora9204]# cpio -idm < ship_9204_linux_disk3.cpio

(1)用root: 這步非常重要，不執行這步oracle用戶在安裝oracle DB 時會不能在X-windows下啟動圖形界面。
[root@testsev bin]$ cd /usr/X11R6/bin
[root@testsev bin]$ xhost +

(2)OS (Linux登出), 選擇 “英文” 環境, 用oracle/oracle登入, 才讀得到oracle的.bash_profile設定檔
echo $ORACLE_HOME
/opt/oracle/product/920

5.檢查環境
[root@testsev oracle]# rpm -qa | grep gcc
libgcc-ssa-3.5ssa-0.20030801.41
gcc-3.2.3-20 gcc-g77-ssa-3.5ssa-0.20030801.41
gcc-gnat-3.2.3-20
libgcc-3.2.3-20
gcc-g77-3.2.3-20
gcc-ssa-3.5ssa-0.20030801.41
gcc-objc-ssa-3.5ssa-0.20030801.41
gcc-c++-3.2.3-20
gcc-objc-3.2.3-20
gcc-java-ssa-3.5ssa-0.20030801.41
compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.122
gcc-java-3.2.3-20
compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.122
gcc-c++-ssa-3.5ssa-0.20030801.41
確保gcc能編譯就行了
[root@testsev Disk1]# rpm -qa | grep openmotif
openmotif-2.2.2-16
[root@testsev Disk1]# rpm -qa | grep setarch
setarch-1.3-1
[root@testsev Disk1]# rpm -qa | grep tcl
tcl-8.3.5-92

6.建立目錄及準備安裝
引用:
[root@testsev /]# mkdir /opt/oracle/product/920 -p
[root@testsev /]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle

編輯內核參數:
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
將以下幾行加入:
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmin = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
kernel.shmmax=2147483648
編輯完之後,wq儲存,
執行 # /sbin/sysctl -p 命令操作來使我們所做的變更生效.

7.上patch
注意安装執行/runInstaller時，由於java的版本問題，無法啟動java安裝介面，錯誤現象為：
Unable to load native library: /tmp/OraInstall2003-10-25_03-14-57PM/jre/lib/i386/libjava.so: symbol __libc_wait, version GLIBC_2.0 not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference
必須上patch，安装patch 3006854，然後可以啟動runInstaller；執行runInstaller之前,需要上patch 3006854: 注意,必须以root身份執行.
# unzip p3006854_9204_LINUX.zip
Archive: p3006854_9204_LINUX.zip
creating: 3006854/
inflating: 3006854/rhel3_pre_install.sh
inflating: 3006854/README.txt

# cd 3006854
# sh rhel3_pre_install.sh

8.開始安裝
[oracle@testsev Disk1]$ cd /opt/oracle/ora9204/Disk1
[oracle@testsev Disk1]$ ./runInstaller
[oracle@testsev Disk1]$ Initializing Java Virtual Machine from /tmp/OraInstall2005-01-10_05-50-27PM/jre/bin/java. Please wait...
(1).指定Inventory目錄位置
指定/opt/oracle/oraInventory目錄
(2).指定UNIX組名,指定oinstall做為組名
該組成員可以在該系統上升級Oracle軟體
(3).以root身分另外開視窗執行/tmp/orainstRoot.sh
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ su
[root@testsev tmp]# ./orainstRoot.sh
創建 Oracle Inventory 目錄指針文件(/etc/oraInst.loc)
更改組名/opt/oracle/oraInventory 到 oinstall.
[root@testsev tmp]# vi /etc/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
(4).文件定位
source... /home/oracle/ora9204/Disk1/stage/product.jar
target...
名稱:OUIHome
路徑:/opt/oracle/product/920
(5).可用產品
選Oracle9i Database 9.2.0.4.0
產品語言中,已選語言:英語
(6).安裝類型
選Enterprise Edition(2.84GB)
(7).Database COnfiguration
Select a database suited to your needs.
Gerneral Purpose
Install a pre-configured database optimized for general purpose usage.
(8).Databasee Identification
Global Database Name: aaa.bbb.ccc
SID: testsev
(9).Database File Location
Directory For Database Files: /opt/oracle/oradata
(10).Database Character Set
選擇: Use the default character set
The default character set for this database is based on the language setting of this operating
system: UTF-8

11.安裝
然後開始建DB，當建DB到 46% 時會出現共享內存問題，
ORA-27123: unable to attach to shared memory segment
這時需要给内核指定内存，可以：
echo 4294967295 >/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
或者
编輯/etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax=4294967295
這樣就可以完成DB的安裝。
編輯完之後,Save,執行 # /sbin/sysctl -p 命令操作來使我們所做的變更生效.

參考資料: http://www.chinaunix.net/jh/19/597500.html

測試DB連線:
[root@oatde2 etc]# sqlplus "sys/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue May 8 15:31:23 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Enter password:

Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL>
查看參數以設定TOAD:
cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
vi listener.ora

TOAD: (C:\Oracle\network\admin)
tnsnames.ora 加入以下參數. 設好後用 system/安裝時所設的密碼連入:

aaa =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.21.22.16)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = aaa.bbb.ccc)
)
)

12、啟動agent (–以下可以不用啟動, 就已經可以用TOAD連, 以及建立DB了–)

安裝p3238244_9204_LINUX.zip Patch
用來修改agent服務不能啟動的錯誤。
過程如下︰引用:
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ unzip p2617419_210_GENERIC.zip
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ export PATH=$PATH:/tmp/OPatch
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ export PATH=$PATH:/sbin # the patch needs “fuser” which is located in /sbin
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ unzip p3238244_9204_LINUX.zip
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ cd 3238244
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ opatch apply
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ make -f ins_oemagent.mk install
[oracle@testsev tmp]$ agentctl start agent
啟動成功!安裝完成

Error MSG:
Problems with creating the log file:
Couldn't create file for logging. Error is: Permission denied

ERROR: OPatch failed during pre-reqs check.

$ORACLE_HOME/.patch_storage 中的file改owner為oracle.
然後以oracle身份上patch.

unzip p2617419_10102_GENERIC.zip

p3119415_9204_LINUX.zip

p3238244_9204_LINUX.zip

OPatch succeeded.

====================================
怎麼更改ORACLE所佔用的8080 port
資料來源: http://gocom.primeton.com/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=1836
1.使用sys登錄Oracle，利用dbms_xdb修改端口設置
SQL> -- Change the HTTP/WEBDAV port from 8080 to 8081
SQL> call dbms_xdb.cfg_update(updateXML(
2 dbms_xdb.cfg_get()
3 , '/xdbconfig/sysconfig/protocolconfig/httpconfig/http-port/text()'
4 , 8081))
5 /
Call completed.
SQL> -- Change the FTP port from 2100 to 2111
SQL> call dbms_xdb.cfg_update(updateXML(
2 dbms_xdb.cfg_get()
3 , '/xdbconfig/sysconfig/protocolconfig/ftpconfig/ftp-port/text()'
4 , 2111))
5 /
Call completed.
SQL> COMMIT;
Commit complete.
SQL> EXEC dbms_xdb.cfg_refresh;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.